Read the passage.
-
High traffic levels remain a problem for many governments. Car ownership in fast-developing countries continues to double each year, and migration to cities is also rising quickly, resulting in high levels of congestion and pollution.
-
Until recently, governments successfully controlled traffic levels by imposing financial obligations on drivers. They made it more expensive to drive by raising taxes on petrol or increasing parking costs, while making public transport cheaper by investing in rail and bus travel. However, these ‘tax and spend’ approaches are no longer possible to introduce easily. This is because living costs are growing in many countries, so governments can’t spend as much money and people are angry when they have to pay more. New controls are, therefore, needed.
-
Legal solutions to congestion issues are now attracting greater interest. However, traffic laws and regulations have often proved ineffective. For example, banning cars in city centres has simply transferred problems to the edge of cities. Similarly, controlling speed limits has been effective on fast roads but has done little to solve congestion in urban areas.
-
A more effective legal intervention might be to stop some people from driving altogether – but who exactly? If workers were stopped from driving, they might not be able to get to work. Many older citizens and families also rely on cars to move around easily. Furthermore, both these groups vote frequently, so it would be a political disaster to prevent them from driving.
-
This leaves young people. Many people would agree with raising the minimum driving age in order to reduce the number of drivers on the road and cut pollution. Young people make up over 25% of road deaths in many countries and, according to recent research, parts of the brain that help to calculate risks and consequences are not fully developed until the age of 25. Consequently, there have already been discussions in the media about stopping young people driving or carrying passengers.
-
Of course, young people would have to be given financial assistance to make sure public transport remained affordable for them. But as pressure grows on the governments to reduce congestion, it surely makes sense to postpone the time that young drivers get their licenses until a little later in life.
Read again and choose the correct answers.
Young people make up more than 25% of _____.
A.
road accidents
B.
road congestion
C.
city pollution
D.
public transport
E.
road deaths
Read the passage.
-
High traffic levels remain a problem for many governments. Car ownership in fast-developing countries continues to double each year, and migration to cities is also rising quickly, resulting in high levels of congestion and pollution.
-
Until recently, governments successfully controlled traffic levels by imposing financial obligations on drivers. They made it more expensive to drive by raising taxes on petrol or increasing parking costs, while making public transport cheaper by investing in rail and bus travel. However, these ‘tax and spend’ approaches are no longer possible to introduce easily. This is because living costs are growing in many countries, so governments can’t spend as much money and people are angry when they have to pay more. New controls are, therefore, needed.
-
Legal solutions to congestion issues are now attracting greater interest. However, traffic laws and regulations have often proved ineffective. For example, banning cars in city centres has simply transferred problems to the edge of cities. Similarly, controlling speed limits has been effective on fast roads but has done little to solve congestion in urban areas.
-
A more effective legal intervention might be to stop some people from driving altogether – but who exactly? If workers were stopped from driving, they might not be able to get to work. Many older citizens and families also rely on cars to move around easily. Furthermore, both these groups vote frequently, so it would be a political disaster to prevent them from driving.
-
This leaves young people. Many people would agree with raising the minimum driving age in order to reduce the number of drivers on the road and cut pollution. Young people make up over 25% of road deaths in many countries and, according to recent research, parts of the brain that help to calculate risks and consequences are not fully developed until the age of 25. Consequently, there have already been discussions in the media about stopping young people driving or carrying passengers.
-
Of course, young people would have to be given financial assistance to make sure public transport remained affordable for them. But as pressure grows on the governments to reduce congestion, it surely makes sense to postpone the time that young drivers get their licenses until a little later in life.
Read again and choose the correct answers.
Which group is NOT mentioned as the community that can cause the political disaster?
A.
young people
B.
workers
C.
older citizens
D.
families
E.
governments
Read the passage.
-
High traffic levels remain a problem for many governments. Car ownership in fast-developing countries continues to double each year, and migration to cities is also rising quickly, resulting in high levels of congestion and pollution.
-
Until recently, governments successfully controlled traffic levels by imposing financial obligations on drivers. They made it more expensive to drive by raising taxes on petrol or increasing parking costs, while making public transport cheaper by investing in rail and bus travel. However, these ‘tax and spend’ approaches are no longer possible to introduce easily. This is because living costs are growing in many countries, so governments can’t spend as much money and people are angry when they have to pay more. New controls are, therefore, needed.
-
Legal solutions to congestion issues are now attracting greater interest. However, traffic laws and regulations have often proved ineffective. For example, banning cars in city centres has simply transferred problems to the edge of cities. Similarly, controlling speed limits has been effective on fast roads but has done little to solve congestion in urban areas.
-
A more effective legal intervention might be to stop some people from driving altogether – but who exactly? If workers were stopped from driving, they might not be able to get to work. Many older citizens and families also rely on cars to move around easily. Furthermore, both these groups vote frequently, so it would be a political disaster to prevent them from driving.
-
This leaves young people. Many people would agree with raising the minimum driving age in order to reduce the number of drivers on the road and cut pollution. Young people make up over 25% of road deaths in many countries and, according to recent research, parts of the brain that help to calculate risks and consequences are not fully developed until the age of 25. Consequently, there have already been discussions in the media about stopping young people driving or carrying passengers.
-
Of course, young people would have to be given financial assistance to make sure public transport remained affordable for them. But as pressure grows on the governments to reduce congestion, it surely makes sense to postpone the time that young drivers get their licenses until a little later in life.
Read again and choose the correct answers.
According to the text why people can get angry? When _____.
A.
the young people have to get their driving licenses at 25
B.
they have to use public transport
C.
the brains of young people cannot calculate risk
D.
they have to pay more
E.
the governments try to reduce congestion
Read the passage.
-
High traffic levels remain a problem for many governments. Car ownership in fast-developing countries continues to double each year, and migration to cities is also rising quickly, resulting in high levels of congestion and pollution.
-
Until recently, governments successfully controlled traffic levels by imposing financial obligations on drivers. They made it more expensive to drive by raising taxes on petrol or increasing parking costs, while making public transport cheaper by investing in rail and bus travel. However, these ‘tax and spend’ approaches are no longer possible to introduce easily. This is because living costs are growing in many countries, so governments can’t spend as much money and people are angry when they have to pay more. New controls are, therefore, needed.
-
Legal solutions to congestion issues are now attracting greater interest. However, traffic laws and regulations have often proved ineffective. For example, banning cars in city centres has simply transferred problems to the edge of cities. Similarly, controlling speed limits has been effective on fast roads but has done little to solve congestion in urban areas.
-
A more effective legal intervention might be to stop some people from driving altogether – but who exactly? If workers were stopped from driving, they might not be able to get to work. Many older citizens and families also rely on cars to move around easily. Furthermore, both these groups vote frequently, so it would be a political disaster to prevent them from driving.
-
This leaves young people. Many people would agree with raising the minimum driving age in order to reduce the number of drivers on the road and cut pollution. Young people make up over 25% of road deaths in many countries and, according to recent research, parts of the brain that help to calculate risks and consequences are not fully developed until the age of 25. Consequently, there have already been discussions in the media about stopping young people driving or carrying passengers.
-
Of course, young people would have to be given financial assistance to make sure public transport remained affordable for them. But as pressure grows on the governments to reduce congestion, it surely makes sense to postpone the time that young drivers get their licenses until a little later in life.
Read again and choose the correct answers.
Which statement agrees with the information in the text?
A.
Governments allow a certain number of vehicles into the city centres if drivers can afford the increased expense for having own car.
B.
Raising the minimum driving age to 25 can improve the health of young people.
C.
Banning cars in urban areas can fully solve the congestion and pollution.
D.
Laws and regulations have stopped driving of all age drivers.
E.
The suggestion can encourage young people to use public transport if the governments provide some financial support.
Choose the most appropriate word for the game definition.
Doing crosswords: A word game with black and white squares where you write _____ in the _____ squares is a crossword.
A.
puzzle / empty
B.
clue / black
C.
a word / white
D.
cross / clue
E.
puzzle / white
Choose the most appropriate word for the game definition.
Volleyball is a game in which two teams _____ a ball with their hands backwards and forwards over a high net.
A.
kick
B.
hit
C.
bounce
D.
possess
E.
roll
Complete the sentence with the most appropriate phrase.
What you will say when someone is playing in a dishonest or unfair way?
A.
It’s your move.
B.
You have really good hand.
C.
You can’t do that, it’s considered as a foul play.
D.
I knew, I’d win.
E.
Push your pedals.
Choose the correct answers to complete each sentence.
_____ Sahara is in the northern part of _____ Africa.
A.
The /__
B.
__/ the
C.
A / an
D.
The / the
E.
The / an
Choose the correct answers to complete each sentence.
Alice: Do you think about the future?
John: No, I don't think about the future much. It seems that only ___ people truly care for what the future will be like.
A.
a few
B.
much
C.
little
D.
few
E.
many
Choose the correct answers to complete each sentence.
There was _____ in the cinema other than us.
A.
anyone
B.
someone
C.
no one
D.
everyone
E.
each one
Choose the correct answers to complete each sentence.
_____ I think about it, the less happy I feel.
A.
Much more
B.
More
C.
Most
D.
Much
E.
The more
Choose the correct answers to complete each sentence.
In the city you can walk from point A to point B _____ than by car.
A.
quickly
B.
more quickly
C.
quick
D.
quicker
E.
most quickly
Choose the correct answers to complete each sentence.
I parked the car _____ the trees; there was a charming, little cottage.
A.
in
B.
between
C.
among
D.
along
E.
on
Choose the correct answers to complete each sentence.
Hard work is an essential key _____ success.
A.
with
B.
for
C.
of
D.
to
E.
from
Choose the correct answers to complete each sentence.
By three o’clock the students _____ the test for two hours.
A.
will have been sitting
B.
will sit
C.
will be doing
D.
is going to sit
E.
will do
Choose the correct answers to complete each sentence.
They _____ for two hours before they finally _____ their destination.
A.
were driving / had reached
B.
drove / reached
C.
had been driving / reached
D.
had driven / had reached
E.
drove / had reached
Choose the correct answers to complete each sentence.
Chloe’s father promised her a car _____ she didn’t pass her final exam.
A.
despite
B.
even though
C.
because
D.
whereas
E.
so that
Choose the correct answers to complete each sentence.
I still remember _____ absolutely terrified when I got lost in the Gobi.
A.
was
B.
be
C.
to be
D.
being
E.
been
Choose the correct answers to complete each sentence.
By the time we arrived at the market, the best fruit _____.
A.
was being sold
B.
had sold
C.
sold
D.
have been sold
E.
was sold
Choose the correct answers to complete each sentence.
“Did you book a room for the holiday yesterday?” she asked him.
She asked _____.
A.
If he had booked a room for the holiday the day before yesterday
B.
whether she booked a room for the holiday yesterda
C.
If had he booked a room for the holiday the day before yesterday
D.
did he book a room for the holiday the previous day
E.
had he booked a room for the holiday the day before yesterday
Identify the underlined part that should be corrected in each sentence.
14. If I would bought a second-hand car, I wouldn’t have taken out this big bank loan.
A B C D E
A.
would
B.
bought
C.
second-hand
D.
wouldn't
E.
out
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A.
already
B.
directly into
C.
helps
D.
with
E.
Parkinson's
.png)
A.
This
B.
too
C.
as
D.
can't
E.
afford
Complete the phrasal verbs with the correct particles.
I was looking for a job but nothing suitable turned _____, so I booked a holiday.
A.
on
B.
back
C.
in
D.
up
E.
down
Complete the phrasal verbs with the correct particles.
The suspect gave _____ his secret in order to get the reward offered.
A.
off
B.
back
C.
away
D.
up
E.
over
Choose the correct word and phrase to complete each sentence.
I’ve got great _____ on my assignment from the teacher who remarked how I could improve on it.
A.
feedback
B.
portfolio
C.
debate
D.
grant
E.
finance
Choose the correct word and phrase to complete each sentence.
Roads should have a _____ so that people can cross the road safely.
A.
zebra crossing
B.
intersection
C.
dead end
D.
one-way street
E.
lane
Choose the correct word and phrase to complete each sentence.
The particles that make up plasmas have electric charges, so plasmas can _____ electricity.
A.
dissolve
B.
attract
C.
affect
D.
insulate
E.
conduct
Choose the correct word and phrase to complete each sentence.
When fossil fuels burn, different substances are _____ into the air.
A.
supplied
B.
tapped
C.
trapped
D.
released
E.
accelerated
Choose the correct word and phrase to complete each sentence.
In the tournament, Hannah _____ all her opponents and won the gold medal.
A.
had
B.
gained
C.
beat
D.
granted
E.
rewarded
Choose the correct word and phrase to complete each sentence.
The cave of the Apocalypse in Greece is in the list of UNESCO world _____ sites.
A.
legacy
B.
representation
C.
heritage
D.
tradition
E.
masterpiece
Choose the correct word and phrase to complete each sentence.
I was working on my presentation and suddenly the screen _____ black.
A.
crashed
B.
went
C.
installed
D.
loaded
E.
turned
Choose the reaction that describes the man's response to what the woman says.
Anna: You must come and visit us some time. Don’t keep putting it off.
Tom: Yes, I’ll come and see you in the not-too-distant future.
A.
demand
B.
promise
C.
offer
D.
prediction
E.
appointment
Choose the appropriate reaction of the man to what the woman says.
Alice: Would you like some black coffee?
Jack: I can’t drink bitter coffee.
A.
offer
B.
opinion
C.
refusal
D.
confusion
E.
excuse
.png)
A.
determination
B.
enthusiasm
C.
source
D.
guarentee
E.
extension
.png)
A.
to let out
B.
to make
C.
to bump into
D.
to burst into
E.
to cry over
Choose the correct phrase to complete the student’s comment on study skills.
I struggle to speak for a long time and say ‘Err’ a lot when I _____.
A.
run out of ideas
B.
avoid pronouncing words
C.
find my spoken fluency
D.
provide feedback on the grammatical accurac
E.
have a significant impact
Choose the best answer to solve the problem of air pollution.
A.
temporary shelters
B.
dump sites
C.
organic products
D.
hybrid car
E.
exhaust fumes
Choose the correct meaning for the underlined idioms.
He was late and made up some cock-and-bull story about losing his car keys.
A.
He was upset about being late.
B.
Other people thought he was true.
C.
He was involved in illegal activities.
D.
He told a story about animals.
E.
He told a fake story.
Choose the correct meaning for the underlined idioms.
The police will arrest the suspect by hook or by crook.
A.
They will investigate all offenders.
B.
They will use technological devices.
C.
They will mobilize all units.
D.
They will use any method possible.
E.
They will be on duty at check-points.